Perinatology & Child Care

\r\n A premature birth is a birth that takes place more than three weeks before the baby's estimated due date i.e. is fewer than 37 weeks gestational age. Those premature babies may have very mild symptoms or may have more-obvious complications. Babies born this early will likely need a longer hospital stay in a special nursery unit at the hospital. The cause of preterm birth is often exactly not known, but it may happened due to conditions like diabetes, high blood pressure, being pregnant with more than one baby, being either obese or underweight, a number of vaginal infections, tobacco smoking and psychological stress are some of the reasons. Preterm birth is the most widely recognized reason for death among new born children around the world.

\r\n Research suggests that kangaroo mother care gives premature and low birth-weight babies a better chance of thriving. Kangaroo care method is a process of placing a premature baby  on its mother’s naked chest allowing tummy to tummy contact to locate the baby between the mother’s breasts. The baby’s head is positioned above the mother’s heart. This is a technique whereby parents or caregivers become a baby’s incubator until they could maintain their own body temperature. Kangaroo Mother Care  has essential components are skin-to-skin contact, and breastfeeding. Many studies have shown that Kangaroo Care offers significant benefits.

\r\n Infants born prematurely have unique nutritional needs. The nutrition will have a lifelong impact which is provided during the first days, weeks, and months after birth. Without proper weight gain, new-borns are at risk for delays in their growth and development. Numerous studies from around the world suggest that Breast milk is the safest and healthiest food for babies. It provides all the essential nutrition for infants. Breast feeding protects infants from a long list of illnesses along with better development and stronger immune system.

\r\n Respiratory distress is a common presenting feature immediately after birth and is typically caused by abnormal respiratory function during the transition from fetal to neonatal life.When a neonate is effected by respiratory disorders there will be higher risk conditions and requires clinical care by a physician or other health care professional.

\r\n Mostly new born babies are admitted to the NICU, they comes under premature (born before 37 weeks of pregnancy), have low birth weight (less than 5.5 pounds), or have a health condition that requires special care. Neonates who requires intensive medical attention are often admitted into the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU)  in the hospital.  These premature babies requires a special care in an incubator, which provides heat to keep a constant body temperature and mimics the uterine environment. IV hydration and other evidence-based therapies are given to them along with high caloric food. Some of the below reasons might sent babies to NICU.

\r\n Neonatal nursing is a type of subspeciality nursing who works with new born babies with a variety of issues which involves in from prematurity, birth defects, infection, cardiac malformations, and surgical problems. The neonatal period is characterized as the first month of life; however, these infants are often sick for months. Neonatal nursing for the most part includes care to those new-born children who encounter issues due to premature born or sickness after birth. A few neonatal nurses may look after babies up to around 2 years old. Most neonatal nurses may take care to babies from the period of birth until they are discharged from the hospital.

\r\n Maternal Fetal Medicine specialist is a doctor specializes in providing care for women who are at high risk problems during their pregnancies.Maternal Fetal Medicine specialist gives regular prenatal care for women with high-risk pregnancies which helps to manage the mother's existing health problems, such as high blood pressure and diabetes. MFM is a sub-specialty of obstetrics which focuses on the treatment and diagnosis of expectant mothers and their unborn babies.  specialist gives regular prenatal care for women with high-risk pregnancies and helps to manage the mother's existing health problems, such as high blood pressure and diabetes . MFM physician frequently monitors the growing foetus to check for the developmental conditions. We can also check for any birth defects and genetic disorders with tests such as amniocentesis and umbilical cord sampling. An MFM specialist will work closely with pregnant women and her regular health providers for a safe labor and delivery.

\r\n The effect of fetus or embryo which cause disease after birth or fatal is Fetal anomalies. The introduction of high-frequency vaginal probes has enabled has empowered early finding of certain fetal irregularities from the 12th to 14th week of pregnancy. Such early testing is vital for women who have encountered with pregnancy related with birth abnormalities.

\r\n The medicinal condition which results from deprivation of oxygen to a baby that lasts long during the birth procedure to cause physical damage, usually to the brain is Perinatal asphyxia, neonatal asphyxia or birth asphyxia. The majority of the newborn child's organs can leads to Hypoxic harm (heart, lungs, liver, gut, kidneys); however brain damage is of most concern and may be to the least liable to heal. In more prominent cases, a newborn child will survive, however with harm to the brain showed as either mental, such as developmental delay or intellectual disability, or physical, such as spasticity.